diff --git a/src/core/commands/require.ts b/src/core/commands/require.ts
index f008b25e..869087b9 100644
--- a/src/core/commands/require.ts
+++ b/src/core/commands/require.ts
@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
 /** Lookups that throw a `CommandError` when the target does not exist. */
 import { findNode, type GraphNode } from '../graph/Graph';
 import { type NodeDef, nodeDef } from '../graph/NodeRegistry';
-import type { Asset, BehaviorAsset, SceneAsset } from '../model/Asset';
+import type { Asset, BehaviorAsset } from '../model/Asset';
 import { findObject, type ObjectTree } from '../model/hierarchy';
 import { isTemplateContent, objectRef, type ObjectRef } from '../model/instance';
-import { findAsset, findObjectHolder, findScene, type ObjectHolder, type Project } from '../model/Project';
+import { findAsset, findObjectHolder, type ObjectHolder, type Project } from '../model/Project';
 import type { SceneObject } from '../model/SceneObject';
 import { propDef, type PropertyDef } from '../properties/PropertySchema';
 import { CommandError } from './Command';
@@ -15,12 +15,6 @@ export function requireAsset(project: Project, assetId: string): Asset {
   return asset;
 }
 
-export function requireScene(project: Project, sceneId: string): SceneAsset {
-  const scene = findScene(project, sceneId);
-  if (!scene) throw new CommandError(`Scene ${sceneId} not found`);
-  return scene;
-}
-
 export function requireHolder(project: Project, holderId: string): ObjectHolder {
   const holder = findObjectHolder(project, holderId);
   if (!holder) throw new CommandError(`Scene or container ${holderId} not found`);
diff --git a/src/core/model/Project.ts b/src/core/model/Project.ts
index b453fb3a..b6820553 100644
--- a/src/core/model/Project.ts
+++ b/src/core/model/Project.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,4 @@
-import { schemaForAsset } from '../properties/PropertySchema';
 import { type Asset, type ContainerAsset, isSceneAsset, type SceneAsset } from './Asset';
-import { overrideSites } from './instance';
-import type { SceneObject } from './SceneObject';
 
 /**
  * 2 since a placed container stopped copying its template into the scene. Old files are not
@@ -62,55 +59,3 @@ export function findObjectHolder(project: Project, holderId: string): ObjectHold
 export function listContainers(project: Project): ContainerAsset[] {
   return project.assets.filter((a): a is ContainerAsset => a.type === 'container');
 }
-
-export interface SceneObjectRef {
-  holder: ObjectHolder;
-  object: SceneObject;
-}
-
-export function objectsWhere(
-  project: Project,
-  predicate: (object: SceneObject) => boolean,
-): SceneObjectRef[] {
-  const result: SceneObjectRef[] = [];
-  for (const holder of objectHolders(project)) {
-    for (const object of holder.objects) if (predicate(object)) result.push({ holder, object });
-  }
-  return result;
-}
-
-/** Every placed instance of an asset, in scenes and in container templates alike. */
-export function findUsages(project: Project, assetId: string): SceneObjectRef[] {
-  return objectsWhere(project, (o) => o.assetId === assetId);
-}
-
-export type PropertyUsage =
-  | { on: 'asset'; asset: Asset; key: string }
-  /** `path` is empty for a placed object's own override, set for one a container instance keeps. */
-  | { on: 'object'; holder: ObjectHolder; object: SceneObject; path: string; key: string };
-
-/**
- * The other half of "where is this asset used": a texture is never placed, it is worn through a
- * sprite's `texture` property, so counting uses needs this as well as `findUsages`. Several ids
- * because every frame cut from a texture is a reference to the same picture (see `textureRefIds`).
- */
-export function findPropertyUsages(project: Project, ids: string | readonly string[]): PropertyUsage[] {
-  const wanted = new Set((typeof ids === 'string' ? [ids] : ids).filter(Boolean));
-  if (wanted.size === 0) return [];
-  const result: PropertyUsage[] = [];
-  const refKeys = new Map<string, string[]>();
-  const matches = (value: unknown): boolean => typeof value === 'string' && wanted.has(value);
-  for (const asset of project.assets) {
-    const keys = schemaForAsset(asset)
-      .filter((def) => def.kind === 'asset' || def.kind === 'texture')
-      .map((def) => def.key);
-    refKeys.set(asset.id, keys);
-    for (const key of keys) if (matches(asset.props[key])) result.push({ on: 'asset', asset, key });
-  }
-  for (const site of overrideSites(project, () => true)) {
-    for (const key of refKeys.get(site.assetId) ?? [])
-      if (matches(site.bag[key]))
-        result.push({ on: 'object', holder: site.holder, object: site.object, path: site.path, key });
-  }
-  return result;
-}
diff --git a/src/core/model/instance.ts b/src/core/model/instance.ts
index 0793f426..1f028596 100644
--- a/src/core/model/instance.ts
+++ b/src/core/model/instance.ts
@@ -256,8 +256,6 @@ export function instanceTargetOf(
   };
 }
 
-// --- writing -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
 /**
  * Read/write access to a placed object, whether it is stored in the holder or resolved from a
  * container template. `object` is the current state either way; the setters keep an instance edit
@@ -421,8 +419,6 @@ export function overrideSites(project: Project, wanted: (assetId: string) => boo
   return sites;
 }
 
-// --- unpacking ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
 /**
  * The resolved content of an instance as objects that can be stored. The derived ids are kept:
  * they are unique already, and anything pointing at one – the selection, a running game, a check
diff --git a/src/core/model/usages.ts b/src/core/model/usages.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..3e4223a4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/core/model/usages.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+/**
+ * "Where is this asset used" – across scenes and container templates alike. Kept out of
+ * `Project.ts` so that module stays free of the property schema and of container instancing:
+ * both of those already import it, and answering this question needs both.
+ */
+import { schemaForAsset } from '../properties/PropertySchema';
+import type { Asset } from './Asset';
+import { overrideSites } from './instance';
+import { type ObjectHolder, objectHolders, type Project } from './Project';
+import type { SceneObject } from './SceneObject';
+
+export interface SceneObjectRef {
+  holder: ObjectHolder;
+  object: SceneObject;
+}
+
+export function objectsWhere(
+  project: Project,
+  predicate: (object: SceneObject) => boolean,
+): SceneObjectRef[] {
+  const result: SceneObjectRef[] = [];
+  for (const holder of objectHolders(project)) {
+    for (const object of holder.objects) if (predicate(object)) result.push({ holder, object });
+  }
+  return result;
+}
+
+/** Every placed instance of an asset, in scenes and in container templates alike. */
+export function findUsages(project: Project, assetId: string): SceneObjectRef[] {
+  return objectsWhere(project, (o) => o.assetId === assetId);
+}
+
+export type PropertyUsage =
+  | { on: 'asset'; asset: Asset; key: string }
+  /** `path` is empty for a placed object's own override, set for one a container instance keeps. */
+  | { on: 'object'; holder: ObjectHolder; object: SceneObject; path: string; key: string };
+
+/**
+ * The other half of "where is this asset used": a texture is never placed, it is worn through a
+ * sprite's `texture` property, so counting uses needs this as well as `findUsages`. Several ids
+ * because every frame cut from a texture is a reference to the same picture (see `textureRefIds`).
+ */
+export function findPropertyUsages(project: Project, ids: string | readonly string[]): PropertyUsage[] {
+  const wanted = new Set((typeof ids === 'string' ? [ids] : ids).filter(Boolean));
+  if (wanted.size === 0) return [];
+  const result: PropertyUsage[] = [];
+  const refKeys = new Map<string, string[]>();
+  const matches = (value: unknown): boolean => typeof value === 'string' && wanted.has(value);
+  for (const asset of project.assets) {
+    const keys = schemaForAsset(asset)
+      .filter((def) => def.kind === 'asset' || def.kind === 'texture')
+      .map((def) => def.key);
+    refKeys.set(asset.id, keys);
+    for (const key of keys) if (matches(asset.props[key])) result.push({ on: 'asset', asset, key });
+  }
+  for (const site of overrideSites(project, () => true)) {
+    for (const key of refKeys.get(site.assetId) ?? [])
+      if (matches(site.bag[key]))
+        result.push({ on: 'object', holder: site.holder, object: site.object, path: site.path, key });
+  }
+  return result;
+}
diff --git a/src/editor/actions.ts b/src/editor/actions.ts
index 23467548..17d3c175 100644
--- a/src/editor/actions.ts
+++ b/src/editor/actions.ts
@@ -8,8 +8,9 @@ import { CompoundCommand } from '../core/commands/CompoundCommand';
 import { CreateContainerCommand } from '../core/commands/containerCommands';
 import { RemoveNodeCommand } from '../core/commands/graphCommands';
 import { RemoveSceneObjectsCommand } from '../core/commands/sceneObjectCommands';
-import { findAsset, findPropertyUsages, findUsages } from '../core/model/Project';
+import { findAsset } from '../core/model/Project';
 import { textureRefIds } from '../core/model/texture';
+import { findPropertyUsages, findUsages } from '../core/model/usages';
 import { Dialog } from '../ui';
 import { type EditorState, objectSelection } from './state';
 
diff --git a/tests/core/holders.test.ts b/tests/core/holders.test.ts
index db28b25b..d0bb0e78 100644
--- a/tests/core/holders.test.ts
+++ b/tests/core/holders.test.ts
@@ -9,14 +9,9 @@ import { CreateContainerCommand } from '../../src/core/commands/containerCommand
 import { SetOverrideCommand } from '../../src/core/commands/sceneObjectCommands';
 import { RemoveVariableCommand, RenameVariableCommand } from '../../src/core/commands/variableCommands';
 import type { ContainerAsset } from '../../src/core/model/Asset';
-import {
-  findAsset,
-  findObjectHolder,
-  findUsages,
-  listContainers,
-  objectHolders,
-} from '../../src/core/model/Project';
+import { findAsset, findObjectHolder, listContainers, objectHolders } from '../../src/core/model/Project';
 import { instanceChildId } from '../../src/core/model/instance';
+import { findUsages } from '../../src/core/model/usages';
 import { makeBehavior, makeSpriteScene, place } from '../helpers';
 
 /** A behavior with a `speed` variable, placed and overridden to 42, then wrapped in a container. */
diff --git a/tests/core/texture.test.ts b/tests/core/texture.test.ts
index 7d5654af..df3ba46a 100644
--- a/tests/core/texture.test.ts
+++ b/tests/core/texture.test.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 import { describe, expect, it } from 'vitest';
 import { CreateTextureCommand } from '../../src/core/commands/assetCommands';
 import type { TextureAsset } from '../../src/core/model/Asset';
-import { findAsset, findPropertyUsages, findUsages } from '../../src/core/model/Project';
+import { findAsset } from '../../src/core/model/Project';
+import { findPropertyUsages, findUsages } from '../../src/core/model/usages';
 import {
   DEFAULT_SLICE,
   isTextureFile,