feuerwerk/src/core/graph/GraphInterpreter.ts

import { edgesInto, edgesOutOf, type Graph, type GraphNode } from './Graph';
import { type GraphLookup, NO_LOOKUP } from './lookup';
import { BEHAVIOR_END, BEHAVIOR_START, resolveDef, terminalNode } from './nested';
import type { NodeContext } from './NodeContext';
import {
  type CallResult,
  hasExecInput,
  inlineValue,
  isEventNode,
  type NodeDef,
  type PortDef,
  type RepeatResult,
} from './NodeRegistry';
import { machineIdOf } from './stateMachine';
import type { Value } from './values';

/** How much work one pulse may do. A Repeat over a 10×20 board is 200 rounds, so this is generous. */
const MAX_STEPS_PER_FIRE = 100_000;

/**
 * How far exec edges may nest. The interpreter recurses along them, so this is what keeps a flow
 * feeding back into itself off the call stack – the step budget cannot, since a legitimate pulse
 * may run tens of thousands of steps.
 */
const MAX_DEPTH = 1000;

export interface TraceListener {
  onEdge(edgeId: string): void;
  onNode(nodeId: string): void;
  /** What a node's outputs held when it last produced them, in the graph it belongs to. */
  onValues?(graph: Graph, nodeId: string, values: Record<string, Value>): void;
}

/** One graph's pulse state. A nested behavior runs in its own – node ids are unique per graph only. */
interface Frame {
  graph: Graph;
  outputCache: Map<string, Record<string, Value>>;
  dataCache: Map<string, Record<string, Value>>;
}

function emptyFrame(graph: Graph): Frame {
  return { graph, outputCache: new Map(), dataCache: new Map() };
}

/**
 * Runs one behavior graph for one instance. An event node starts a *pulse*; the interpreter follows
 * exec edges and pulls data inputs from the connected output, evaluating pure data nodes lazily and
 * reading exec nodes' outputs from the pulse cache.
 */
export class GraphInterpreter {
  /** Per-node state that persists across pulses (timer accumulators etc.). */
  readonly nodeState = new Map<string, Record<string, number>>();
  /** Assets run as a node so far – the graph editor highlights them from this instance's trace. */
  readonly calledBehaviors = new Set<string>();
  private frame: Frame;
  private callStack: string[] = [];
  private steps = 0;
  trace: TraceListener | null = null;

  constructor(
    readonly graph: Graph,
    private readonly lookup: GraphLookup = NO_LOOKUP,
  ) {
    this.frame = emptyFrame(graph);
  }

  eventNodes(type: string): GraphNode[] {
    return this.graph.nodes.filter((n) => n.type === type);
  }

  fire(
    type: string,
    ctx: NodeContext,
    outputs: Record<string, Value> = {},
    filter?: (node: GraphNode) => boolean,
    /** Which of the event node's exec outputs the pulse leaves through – a state event names one. */
    port = 'exec',
  ): number {
    let fired = 0;
    for (const node of this.eventNodes(type)) {
      if (filter && !filter(node)) continue;
      this.frame = emptyFrame(this.graph);
      this.callStack = [];
      this.steps = 0;
      this.frame.outputCache.set(node.id, { ...outputs });
      this.trace?.onNode(node.id);
      this.record(node.id, outputs);
      this.follow(node, port, ctx, 0);
      fired++;
    }
    return fired;
  }

  /**
   * `On state entered` / `On state exited` for one move: only the nodes watching that machine, and
   * out of the one output the state stands for. A node whose machine input carries a running value
   * rather than a pick has no state outputs at all, so it is never among them.
   */
  fireStateEvent(type: string, ctx: NodeContext, machineId: string, stateId: string): number {
    if (!machineId || !stateId) return 0;
    return this.fire(
      type,
      ctx,
      {},
      (node) => machineIdOf({ node, graph: this.graph, lookup: this.lookup }) === machineId,
      stateId,
    );
  }

  private follow(node: GraphNode, port: string, ctx: NodeContext, depth: number): void {
    for (const edge of edgesOutOf(this.frame.graph, node.id, port)) {
      const target = this.node(edge.to.node);
      if (!target) continue;
      this.trace?.onEdge(edge.id);
      this.execute(target, ctx, depth + 1, edge.to.port);
    }
  }

  private execute(node: GraphNode, ctx: NodeContext, depth: number, entry: string): void {
    if (++this.steps > MAX_STEPS_PER_FIRE)
      throw new Error('Behavior graph exceeded the step limit (endless loop?)');
    if (depth > MAX_DEPTH)
      throw new Error('Behavior graph nested too deeply (a flow feeding back on itself?)');
    const def = this.def(node);
    if (!def?.run) return;
    const inputs = this.collectInputs(node, ctx);
    const result = def.run(ctx, inputs, node.params, def, entry, this.lookup);
    const returned = result.call ? this.call(result.call, ctx, depth) : {};
    const produced = { ...result.outputs, ...returned };
    if (!def.read) this.frame.outputCache.set(node.id, produced);
    this.trace?.onNode(node.id);
    if (this.trace?.onValues) this.record(node.id, def.read ? this.readAll(node, def, ctx) : produced);
    if (result.repeat) this.loop(node, result.repeat, ctx, depth);
    const next = result.next === undefined ? [] : Array.isArray(result.next) ? result.next : [result.next];
    for (const port of next) this.follow(node, port, ctx, depth);
  }

  /**
   * Runs another behavior from its start node to its end node and returns what the end node was
   * handed. The nested graph gets its own frame and a fresh copy of its variable defaults, so it is
   * a call and not an inlining: nothing of it survives the return but the values it hands back.
   */
  private call(call: CallResult, ctx: NodeContext, depth: number): Record<string, Value> {
    const program = this.lookup.behavior(call.behaviorId);
    if (!program) return {};
    if (this.callStack.includes(call.behaviorId)) throw new Error(`Behavior "${program.name}" runs itself`);
    const start = terminalNode(program.graph, BEHAVIOR_START);
    if (!start) return {};
    const outer = this.frame;
    this.frame = emptyFrame(program.graph);
    this.frame.outputCache.set(start.id, { ...call.inputs });
    this.record(start.id, call.inputs);
    this.callStack.push(call.behaviorId);
    this.calledBehaviors.add(call.behaviorId);
    try {
      this.trace?.onNode(start.id);
      // Fresh variables and fresh states alike: a call keeps nothing, and sees nothing of the
      // caller's. What it does to a local machine therefore dies with the call and is not reported;
      // a `global` machine is the run's, so moving that one is a move like any other.
      this.follow(
        start,
        'exec',
        {
          ...ctx,
          variables: { ...program.defaults },
          states: {},
          stateChanged: (machineId, from, to) => {
            if (machineId in ctx.shared.states) ctx.stateChanged(machineId, from, to);
          },
        },
        depth + 1,
      );
      const end = terminalNode(program.graph, BEHAVIOR_END);
      return (end && this.frame.outputCache.get(end.id)) ?? {};
    } finally {
      this.callStack.pop();
      this.frame = outer;
    }
  }

  /**
   * One round per count, the loop node's `index` output carrying the round number. Data nodes are
   * cached for the whole pulse, so the round has to drop that cache first – otherwise every round
   * would read the values the first one computed.
   */
  private loop(node: GraphNode, repeat: RepeatResult, ctx: NodeContext, depth: number): void {
    const outputs = this.frame.outputCache.get(node.id) ?? {};
    for (let round = 0; round < repeat.times; round++) {
      if (++this.steps > MAX_STEPS_PER_FIRE)
        throw new Error('Behavior graph exceeded the step limit (endless loop?)');
      this.frame.dataCache.clear();
      const roundOutputs = { ...outputs, [repeat.index]: round };
      this.frame.outputCache.set(node.id, roundOutputs);
      this.record(node.id, roundOutputs);
      this.follow(node, repeat.port, ctx, depth);
    }
    this.frame.dataCache.clear();
  }

  /** Resolves every data input: connected → pulled from the source, else the inline param. */
  private collectInputs(node: GraphNode, ctx: NodeContext): Record<string, Value> {
    const inputs: Record<string, Value> = {};
    for (const port of this.def(node)?.inputs ?? [])
      if (port.type !== 'exec') inputs[port.key] = this.inputValue(node, port, ctx);
    return inputs;
  }

  private inputValue(node: GraphNode, port: PortDef, ctx: NodeContext): Value {
    const edge = edgesInto(this.frame.graph, node.id, port.key)[0];
    return edge ? this.readOutput(edge.from.node, edge.from.port, ctx) : inlineValue(node, port);
  }

  /** Value of one output port: from the pulse cache, or by evaluating a pure data node. */
  private readOutput(nodeId: string, port: string, ctx: NodeContext): Value {
    const cached = this.frame.outputCache.get(nodeId) ?? this.frame.dataCache.get(nodeId);
    if (cached) return cached[port] ?? null;
    const source = this.node(nodeId);
    if (!source) return null;
    const def = this.def(source);
    if (!def) return null;
    if (def.read) {
      this.trace?.onNode(nodeId);
      const values = this.readAll(source, def, ctx);
      this.record(nodeId, values);
      return values[port] ?? null;
    }
    // Exec nodes that have not run in this pulse have no value yet.
    if (isEventNode(def) || hasExecInput(def) || !def.run) return null;
    if (++this.steps > MAX_STEPS_PER_FIRE)
      throw new Error('Behavior graph exceeded the step limit (data cycle?)');
    // Mark before evaluating so a data cycle reads null instead of recursing forever.
    this.frame.dataCache.set(nodeId, {});
    const outputs =
      def.run(ctx, this.collectInputs(source, ctx), source.params, def, '', this.lookup).outputs ?? {};
    this.frame.dataCache.set(nodeId, outputs);
    this.trace?.onNode(nodeId);
    this.record(nodeId, outputs);
    return outputs[port] ?? null;
  }

  private readAll(node: GraphNode, def: NodeDef, ctx: NodeContext): Record<string, Value> {
    const input = (key: string): Value => {
      const found = def.inputs.find((p) => p.key === key);
      return found ? this.inputValue(node, found, ctx) : null;
    };
    // `read` may hand back a whole bag (the Variables node returns the object's variables, live).
    const all = def.read?.(ctx, node.params, input, def, this.lookup) ?? {};
    const own: Record<string, Value> = {};
    for (const port of def.outputs) if (port.key in all) own[port.key] = all[port.key] ?? null;
    return own;
  }

  private record(nodeId: string, values: Record<string, Value>): void {
    this.trace?.onValues?.(this.frame.graph, nodeId, values);
  }

  private def(node: GraphNode) {
    return resolveDef(node, this.frame.graph, this.lookup);
  }

  private node(id: string): GraphNode | undefined {
    return this.frame.graph.nodes.find((n) => n.id === id);
  }
}